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Chemical formula

Example: Balanced Chemical Equations with Subscripts Water: $$\ce{H2O}$$ Carbon dioxide: $$\ce{CO2}$$ Iron(III) hydroxide (Rust reaction): $$\ce{4Fe + 3O2 + 6H2O -> 4Fe(OH)3}$$ Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate: $$\ce{CuSO4 * 5H2O}$$ Chemical Formulas in Chemistry Chemical formulas are the symbolic representations of chemical substances. They show the elements present in a compound and the ratio in which the atoms of these elements combine. Chemical formulas are essential for understanding the composition, structure, and behavior of compounds in chemical reactions. 1. What is a Chemical Formula? A chemical formula uses symbols of elements and numerical subscripts to represent the composition of a substance. For example, the formula for water is: $$ \ce{H2O} $$ This indicates that each water molecule is made up of 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen. 2. Types of Chemical Formulas Empirical Formula Molecular Formula Structural Formula...

IIT MCQ

1. A beaker is completely filled with water at 4°C . It will overflow if : 
  
   (a) heated above 4°C 
   (b) cooled below 4°C 
   (c) both heated and cooled above and below 4°C              respectively 
   (d) none of the above 

 Answer: (c)  At 4°C , density of water is maximum . Therefore , density will decrease both above and below 4°C . Or volume will increase . 

2. Two plates charged to +q1 and +q2 ( q2 < q1 ) are brought closer to form a capacitor of capacitance C . The potential difference across the plates is : 

  (a) (q1 - q2 ) / 2C
  (b)  (q1 - q2 )/C 
  (c) (q1 - q2 )/4C
  (d) 2(q1 - q2 )/C 

Answer: (a)  

3. A wire carrying current I and other carrying 2I in the same direction produce a magnetic field of magnitude B at the mid point . What will be the field when 2I wire is switched off ?;

 (a) B/2 
 (b) 2B 
 (c) B 
 (d) 4B 

Answer: (c ) 

4. An object is placed at a distance equal to focal length of convex mirror . If the focal length of the mirror be f , then the distance of the image from the pole of the mirror is : 

 (a) less than f 
 (b) equal to f 
 (c) more than f 
 (d) infinity 

Answer: (a) 

5. At 0°C , the density of a gaseous oxide at 2 bar is same as that of nitrogen at 5 bar . The molecular mass of the oxide is : 

 (a) 70 
 (b) 140 
 (c) 28
 (d) 60 

Answer: (a) 

6. A pale yellow precipitate and a gas with pungent odour are formed on warming dilute hydrochloric acid with an aqueous solution containing : 

 (a) sulphate ion 
 (b) sulphide ion 
 (c) thiosulphate ion 
 (d) sulphite ion 

Answer: (c) 

7. Chloroplatinic acid is : 

 (a) monobasic 
 (b) dibasic 
 (c) tribasic 
 (d) tetrabasic 

Answer: (b) 

8. Borax structure contains : 
 
 (a) Two BO4 groups and two BO3 groups 
 (b) Four BO4 groups only 
 (c) Four BO3 groups only 
 (4) Three BO4 and one BO3 groups 

Answer: (a) 

9.  If the normals drawn at four concyclic points on a rectangular hyperbola xy = c^2 meet at the point (a,b) then the center of the circle has the coordinates 

(a) (a, b ) 
(b) ( 2a, 2b ) 
(c) ( a/2, b/2 ) 
(d) ( a/4, b/4 ) 

Answer: (c) 

10. A circle with fixed center (3h, 3k ) and of variable radius cuts the rectangular hyperbola x^2 - y^2 = 9a^2 at the points A, B ,C D. The locus of the centroid of the triangle ABC is given by : 
 
 (a) ( x - 2h ) ^2 - ( y - 2k ) ^2  = a^2 
 (b) ( x - h )^2 - (y - k )^2 = a^2 
 (c) x^2/h^2 - y^2/k^2 = a^2 
 (d) x^2/h^2 + y^2/k^2 =a^2 

Answer : (a) 

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